Extreme opponents know the least, but think they know the most

Oh, its not just GMO.

From Extreme opponents of genetically modified foods know the least but think they know the most by Philip M. Fernbach, et al.

There is widespread agreement among scientists that genetically modified foods are safe to consume1,2 and have the potential to provide substantial benefits to humankind3. However, many people still harbour concerns about them or oppose their use. In a nationally representative sample of US adults, we find that as extremity of opposition to and concern about genetically modified foods increases, objective knowledge about science and genetics decreases, but perceived understanding of genetically modified foods increases. Extreme opponents know the least, but think they know the most. Moreover, the relationship between self-assessed and objective knowledge shifts from positive to negative at high levels of opposition. Similar results were obtained in a parallel study with representative samples from the United States, France and Germany, and in a study testing attitudes about a medical application of genetic engineering technology (gene therapy). This pattern did not emerge, however, for attitudes and beliefs about climate change.

The former finding, that ignorance and confidence goes hand-in-hand, is a widespread phenomenon. I am surprised that they do not find it extends to climate change. I avoid discussions on the topic because it is my consistent experience that those who are the most vocal and most confident are also those least likely to be able to make an argument supporting their belief.

In general thought, there is an underlying reality. The more you focus on science and argument and information, the more you learn to be extremely cautious in doctrinaire statements. Almost everything has a degree of uncertainty and one or more exceptions. But scientific method and information analytics and structured arguments are hard work. Most people skip to the conviction stage without having traveled the scientific method road. They have not learnt to be cautious in their convictions.