From Mission Protocol by Alex Tabarrok. In it, he mentions Letter VI of Voltaire'sPhilosophical Letters, his commentary on the culture and structure of British culture. In this particular letter, Voltaire is describing the Presbyterians. In doing so, however, he provides a keen insight on English tolerance.
Though the Episcopal and Presbyterian sects are the two prevailing ones in Great Britain, yet all others are very welcome to come and settle in it, and live very sociably together, though most of their preachers hate one another almost as cordially as a Jansenist damns a Jesuit.
Take a view of the Royal Exchange in London, a place more venerable than many courts of justice, where the representatives of all nations meet for the benefit of mankind. There the Jew, the Mahometan, and the Christian transact together, as though they all professed the same religion, and give the name of infidel to none but bankrupts. There the Presbyterian confides in the Anabaptist, and the Churchman depends on the Quaker's word. At the breaking up of this pacific and free assembly, some withdraw to the synagogue, and others to take a glass. This man goes and is baptized in a great tub, in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost: that man has his son's foreskin cut off, whilst a set of Hebrew words (quite unintelligible to him) are mumbled over his child. Others retire to their churches, and there wait for the inspiration of heaven with their hats on, and all are satisfied.
If one religion only were allowed in England, the Government would very possibly become arbitrary; if there were but two, the people would cut one another's throats; but as there are such a multitude, they all live happy and in peace.
Tolerance, religious and cultural, was a key ingredient underpinning the success of the Age of Enlightenment.
But in observing the diversity and success of England's tolerance in regard to religion, Voltaire also lays out the refutation of both Marxism and Critical Theory/Social Justice Theory.
It is still common to hear the railing of anti-capitalist Marxists on the digital stage. They simply cannot understand a world of emergent order in which capitalism is the very embodiment of prosperity and freedom.
Men of radically different religious beliefs but also sufficiently tolerant that all can work productively with one another to achieve shared desirable outcomes.
Take a view of the Royal Exchange in London, a place more venerable than many courts of justice, where the representatives of all nations meet for the benefit of mankind. There the Jew, the Mahometan, and the Christian transact together, as though they all professed the same religion, and give the name of infidel to none but bankrupts. There the Presbyterian confides in the Anabaptist, and the Churchman depends on the Quaker's word.
Tbarrok notes:
What Voltaire understood is that if diverse people are to cooperate they must focus on their common interest and leave other (important) predilections like religion at home. Unfortunately, the woke movement is bringing religion back into business (and every other aspect of life). The religions have changed but Voltaire would not have been surprised at the consequences, a break down of cooperation and amity.
The other success of the Age of Enlightenment, based on tolerance, freedom and equality of rights, was the eventual abolishment of slavery worldwide and the gradual extending of all natural rights to all people. Ultimately leading to the eventual displacement of racial bigotry with tolerance.
Until twenty years ago when Critical Race Theory/Social Justice Theory brought religion back into politics and racism back into government. The sooner we see the back of this foolishness, the fostering of religious intolerance and the celebration of racial identity, the better.
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