From Yuko's article:
Since the widespread use of antibiotics to treat tuberculosis started in the 1950s, most people have forgotten about the disease that was, at one point, the deadliest illness in America. But go back two or three generations in your own family, and chances are, you’ll find at least one relative who was affected by tuberculosis, also known as consumption or “the white plague.”Death rates from TB peaked in the early days of the Industrial Revolution, exacerbated by overcrowding, lack of sanitation, and poor nutrition. Between 1810 and 1815, the disease accounted for more than 25 percent of deaths in New York City. In 1900, it was still the country’s third most common cause of death.Robert Koch discovered the tubercle bacillus in 1882. As germ theory became better understood, medical professionals knew that isolation was key to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. A person’s best hope for recovery was to live somewhere with plenty of fresh air, sunlight, rest, and nourishing food. The standard of care for TB was primarily environmental—and the design of sanatoria influenced Modernist architecture.The sanatorium movement began in Europe in the mid-19th century, with resorts in Silesia (now Poland), Germany, and Switzerland. (Davos was once “the tuberculosis capital” of Europe.) Although they began as collections of cottages in mountainous locales, sanatoria evolved into purpose-designed buildings, intended to limit the spread of germs while providing key ingredients for recovery: dry, fresh air and sunshine.
And discussion of Modernist architecture and sanatoria should not avoid discussion of Thomas Mann's classic, The Magic Mountain which included the phenomenon of sanatoria in Davos as well as extended rumination of the emerging modern era in a wonderfully oblique fashion. So much so that The Magic Mountain is a singular novel in the sense that almost everyone reads it differently and takes away distinctly different interpretations.
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