Looking up a quote from The Anatomy of Melancholy by David Burton, I realize that this year, 2021, is the 400th anniversary of its publication. For such a seminal work, I have seen no heralds of the anniversary. I have no explanation. From Wikipedia.
On its surface, the book is presented as a medical textbook in which Burton applies his vast and varied learning, in the scholastic manner, to the subject of melancholia (which includes, although it is not limited to, what is now termed clinical depression). Although presented as a medical text, The Anatomy of Melancholy is as much a sui generis work of literature as it is a scientific or philosophical text, and Burton addresses far more than his stated subject. In fact, the Anatomy uses melancholy as the lens through which all human emotion and thought may be scrutinized, and virtually the entire contents of a 17th-century library are marshalled into service of this goal. It is encyclopedic in its range and reference.
In the passage I quoted there were two words with which I was unfamiliar.
Coranto - Corantos were early informational broadsheets, precursors to newspapers. Beginning around the 14th century, a system developed where letters of news and philosophical discussion would be sent to a central collecting point to be bundled and sent around to the various correspondents. The banking house of Fugger had an organized system of collecting and routing these letters, which often could be seen by outsiders. This system would not die until the 18th century. The term "newspaper" was not coined till 1670. Prior to this, a welter of terms were used to describe this genre, including "paper", "newsbook", "pamphlet", "broadsheet", and "coranto".
Monomachy - (now rare) A fight or other contest between two people or forces; a duel; single combat. [from 16th c.]
A reminder of just how linguistically creative and expansive English was becoming in that era of 1580-1620. This was of course William Shakespeare's heyday, the coiner and first recorder of some 1,700 English words.
I have only ever dipped in and out of The Anatomy of Melancholy, never read it with sustained attention. It seems though, that Burton probably was perhaps similarly marked by the linguistic effervescence of the era.
Robert Burton.
ReplyDeleteWhat a great book!