Here, then, is the conclusion of the whole matter as it now stands: The Rules of Civility were composed originally, or compiled, and published in France, by the Jesuits, about 1595; they were translated into English by Francis Hawkins about 1640, and passed through no fewer than eleven editions down to 1672. From the Hawkins book the one hundred and ten Rules written by Washington were selected, simplified and arranged by some person at present unknown. One copy came into the hands of George Washington, who from it wrote out the manuscript that is among the Washington Papers purchased: from the family by Congress in 1834 and 1849, and held in the Department of State until 1903, when they were transferred to the Library of Congress.
Friday, April 30, 2010
Published in France, by the Jesuits
I have posted before about George Washington's Rules of Civility & Decent Behaviour In Company and Conversation. I came across a text by Francis Hawkins printed in England in the 1640's which was in turn his translation from a text in France printed in 1595. The strong similarities to Washington's practice piece led me searching and found this piece by Charles Moore in 1926 that provides the background. The nub of the logo-genealogy is:
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